{"id":6459,"date":"2018-12-10T07:03:27","date_gmt":"2018-12-10T07:03:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/?p=6459"},"modified":"2024-07-03T16:20:57","modified_gmt":"2024-07-03T09:20:57","slug":"dien-tro-la-gi-trong-mach-dien","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/?p=6459","title":{"rendered":"\u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf &#8211; V\u1eadt nh\u1ecf b\u00e9 mang vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf l\u00e0 g\u00ec? \u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n. Trong thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf l\u00e0 linh ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0m t\u1eeb cacbon v\u00e0 kim lo\u1ea1i&#8230; <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 l\u00e0m v\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed n\u00f3i chung, hay ngh\u1ec1 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa laptop n\u00f3i ri\u00eang, c\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m r\u1ea5t quen thu\u1ed9c. \u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n. V\u1eady th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf, k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u, \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf l\u00e0 g\u00ec? H\u00e3y c\u00f9ng HocvieniT.vn t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u qua b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-6462\" src=\"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/dien-tro-la-gi.jpg\" alt=\"\u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf l\u00e0 g\u00ec\" width=\"600\" height=\"380\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/dien-tro-la-gi.jpg 600w, https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/dien-tro-la-gi-510x323.jpg 510w, https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/dien-tro-la-gi-300x190.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hi\u1ec3u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf <a href=\"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/dinh-nghia-dong-dien-va-cuong-do-dog-dien\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/a> c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t th\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1ecf. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, n\u1ebfu v\u1eadt d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n k\u00e9m th\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf s\u1ebd l\u1edbn. V\u1eadt c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng l\u1edbn.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u1ee7a d\u00e2y d\u1eabn l\u00e0 g\u00ec ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a d\u00e2y. \u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh theo c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>R = \u03c1.L \/ S<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Trong \u0111\u00f3 \u03c1 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf su\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L l\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i d\u00e2y d\u1eabn<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">S l\u00e0 ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a d\u00e2y d\u1eabn<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">R l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf (\u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb Ohm)<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a tr\u00ean ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cho <a href=\"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/tim-hieu-ve-dong-dien-mot-chieu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u<\/a>. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi <a href=\"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/tim-hieu-ve-dong-dien-xoay-chieu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n xoay chi\u1ec1u<\/a>, trong m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf, t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a <a href=\"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/dien-ap-la-gi-co-ban-ve-dong-dien\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p<\/a> th\u00ec d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1t c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1i. Khi \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng th\u00ec d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n trong m\u1ea1ch c\u0169ng b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng. \u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f9ng pha. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c d\u00f9ng cho m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng cho m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n xoay chi\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf m\u00e0 c\u00e1c tr\u1ecb s\u1ed1 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n xoay chi\u1ec1u l\u1ea5y theo tr\u1ecb s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7u d\u1ee5ng.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed<\/span><\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_6464\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6464\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-6464\" src=\"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/dien-tro-la-gi-3.jpg\" alt=\"\u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf l\u00e0 g\u00ec m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n\" width=\"600\" height=\"319\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/dien-tro-la-gi-3.jpg 995w, https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/dien-tro-la-gi-3-510x271.jpg 510w, https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/dien-tro-la-gi-3-300x159.jpg 300w, https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/dien-tro-la-gi-3-768x408.jpg 768w, https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/dien-tro-la-gi-3-600x319.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-6464\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf trong m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf l\u00e0 g\u00ec? \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t linh ki\u1ec7n quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t cacbon v\u00e0 kim lo\u1ea1i. T\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c theo t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 pha tr\u1ed9n m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf v\u1edbi tr\u1ecb s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf l\u00e0 \u03a9 (Ohm) , K\u03a9 , M\u03a9<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi tr\u1ecb s\u1ed1 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c v\u1ea1ch m\u00e0u theo quy \u01b0\u1edbc chung c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. C\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn h\u01a1n t\u1eeb 2WW tr\u1edf l\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi tr\u1ecb s\u1ed1 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp tr\u00ean th\u00e2n. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t, \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf s\u1ee9.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/cach-doc-dien-tro-qua-ma-mau\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&gt;&gt;&gt; C\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecdc tr\u1ecb s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf &lt;&lt;&lt;<\/span><\/em><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">K\u00fd hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf\u00a0<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-6460\" src=\"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/dien-tro-la-gi-1.png\" alt=\"k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf l\u00e0 g\u00ec\" width=\"186\" height=\"48\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf<\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf l\u00e0 l\u1edbp RuO<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, t\u00f9y v\u00e0o s\u1ed1 l\u1edbp n\u00e0y m\u00e0 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf kh\u00e1c nhau, s\u1ed1 l\u1edbp c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u th\u00ec gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o n\u00e0y ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 suy ra nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-6461\" src=\"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/dien-tro-la-gi-2.png\" alt=\"c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf l\u00e0 g\u00ec\" width=\"398\" height=\"212\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/dien-tro-la-gi-2.png 398w, https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/dien-tro-la-gi-2-300x160.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 398px) 100vw, 398px\" \/>Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/span><\/h2>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; \u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf than \u00e9p (cacbon film): \u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf than \u00e9p c\u00f3 d\u1ea3i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i r\u1ed9ng (t\u1eeb 1 Ohm \u0111\u1ebfn 100 m.Ohm). C\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t danh \u0111\u1ecbnh 1\/8W &#8211; 2W, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t l\u00e0 1\/4W ho\u1eb7c 1\/2W. \u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf than \u00e9p \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh thu\u1ea7n tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u trong ph\u1ea1m vi t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 th\u1ea5p.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; \u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf d\u00e2y qu\u1ea5n: l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch qu\u1ea5n m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n d\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t xung quanh 1 l\u00f5i h\u00ecnh tr\u1ee5. Tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u00e2y d\u1eabn, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a d\u00e2y. \u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u1ee7a d\u00e2y qu\u1ea5n c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb nh\u1ecf, \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao v\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t l\u1edbn. Tuy nhi\u00ean nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf d\u00e2y qu\u1ea5n \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ea3m n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u trong c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch cao t\u1ea7n m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong m\u1ea1ch \u00e2m t\u1ea7n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; \u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf m\u00e0ng m\u1ecfng: \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch l\u1eafng \u0111\u1ecdng Cacbon, kim lo\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c oxit kim lo\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng m\u00e0ng m\u1ecfng tr\u00ean l\u00f5i h\u00ecnh tr\u1ee5. \u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf m\u00e0ng m\u1ecfng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u1eeb th\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ebfn trung b\u00ecnh. \u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf m\u00e0ng m\u1ecfng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t thu\u1ea7n tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ph\u1ea1m vi t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 cao, tuy v\u1eady l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh cao.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/do-dong-dien-bang-dong-ho-van-nang-hieu-qua\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&gt;&gt;&gt; B\u1ea1n n\u00ean bi\u1ebft: C\u00e1ch \u0111o \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 v\u1ea1n n\u0103ng<\/span><\/em><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb thay \u0111\u1ed5i<\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; Bi\u1ebfn tr\u1edf (Variable Resistor) c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o g\u1ed3m 1 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf m\u00e0ng than ho\u1eb7c d\u00e2y qu\u1ea5n c\u00f3 d\u1ea1ng h\u00ecnh cung, c\u00f3 tr\u1ee5c xoay \u1edf gi\u1eefa n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi con tr\u01b0\u1ee3t. Con tr\u01b0\u1ee3t ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi v\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed t\u1ea1o n\u00ean c\u1ef1c th\u1ee9 3, n\u00ean khi con tr\u01b0\u1ee3t d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf gi\u1eefa c\u1ef1c th\u1ee9 3 v\u00e0 1 trong 2 c\u1ef1c c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i. Bi\u1ebfn tr\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_6465\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6465\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-6465\" src=\"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/dien-tro-la-gi-4.png\" alt=\"\u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf l\u00e0 g\u00ec bi\u1ebfn tr\u1edf\" width=\"600\" height=\"441\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/dien-tro-la-gi-4.png 641w, https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/dien-tro-la-gi-4-510x375.png 510w, https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/dien-tro-la-gi-4-300x220.png 300w, https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/dien-tro-la-gi-4-600x441.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-6465\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">H\u00ecnh v\u1ebd minh h\u1ecda bi\u1ebfn tr\u1edf<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; Nhi\u1ec7t tr\u1edf: L\u00e0 linh ki\u1ec7n c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9. Hi\u1ec7n nay c\u00f3 2 lo\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec7t tr\u1edf \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Nhi\u1ec7t tr\u1edf c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec7t \u00e2m v\u00e0 Nhi\u1ec7t tr\u1edf c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec7t d\u01b0\u01a1ng. Nhi\u1ec7t tr\u1edf c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec7t \u00e2m s\u1ebd c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf gi\u1ea3m khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng (NTC). Nhi\u1ec7t tr\u1edf c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec7t d\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf t\u0103ng khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; \u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf quang: L\u00e0 linh ki\u1ec7n nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb quang ph\u1ed5 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y. Quang tr\u1edf c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf thay \u0111\u1ed5i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfu v\u00e0o n\u00f3. C\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng c\u00e0ng m\u1ea1nh th\u00ec gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u00e0ng gi\u1ea3m v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. Quang \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng nh\u01b0 c\u1eeda t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e9t, \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e1ng \u1edf camera, t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eadt \u0111\u00e8n khi tr\u1eddi t\u1ed1i\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch m\u1eafc \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng<\/span><\/h2>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00e1ch m\u1eafc n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp<\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; C\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf m\u1eafc n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1eb1ng t\u1ed5ng c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i. <strong>Rtd = R1 + R2 + R3<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ea1y qua c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf m\u1eafc n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng nhau v\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng <strong>I = (U1\/R1) = (U2\/R2) = (U3\/R3)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u1eeb c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c tr\u00ean ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng s\u1ee5t \u00e1p tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf m\u1eafc n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 thu\u1eadn v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-6466\" src=\"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/dien-tro-la-gi-5.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"434\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/dien-tro-la-gi-5.jpg 615w, https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/dien-tro-la-gi-5-510x369.jpg 510w, https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/dien-tro-la-gi-5-300x217.jpg 300w, https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/dien-tro-la-gi-5-600x434.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00e1ch m\u1eafc song song<\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf m\u1eafc song song c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng Rtd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh b\u1edfi c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>(1\/Rtd) = (1\/R1) + (1\/R2) + (1\/R3)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p m\u1ea1ch ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 2 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf song song th\u00ec <strong>Rtd = R1xR2\/(R1+R2)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ea1y qua c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf m\u1eafc song song t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ngh\u1ecbch v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf. \u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf m\u1eafc song song lu\u00f4n b\u1eb1ng nhau.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00e1ch m\u1eafc h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p<\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00e1ch m\u1eafc h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p s\u1ebd gi\u00fap c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u01a1n. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf 9K th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1eafc 2 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf 15k song song, sau \u0111\u00f3 m\u1eafc n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf 1.5K.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf<\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong m\u1ecdi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n tuy ch\u1ec9 s\u1edf h\u1eefu k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i n\u1eafm gi\u1eef vai tr\u00f2 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng to l\u1edbn. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, c\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; \u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n qua t\u1ea3i cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e8n 9V, nh\u01b0ng ta ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n 12V. Ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea5u n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e8n v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ee5t \u00e1p b\u1edbt 3V tr\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; M\u1eafc \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u1ea7u ph\u00e2n \u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p theo \u00fd mu\u1ed1n t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p cho tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; Ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c cho b\u00f3ng b\u00e1n d\u1eabn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; Tham gia v\u00e0o c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch giao \u0111\u1ed9ng R C s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng NE555<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u1edf tr\u00ean, \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed n\u00e0o. Ch\u00ednh b\u1edfi th\u1ebf, vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1eafm r\u00f5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a, kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf l\u00e0 g\u00ec, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o hay c\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf s\u1ebd gi\u00fap \u00edch cho b\u1ea1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u trong c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c.<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"YouTube video player\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/lGdYasVCBWU\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><br \/>\n<em>T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf: Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m, k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u, c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hy v\u1ecdng nh\u1eefng chia s\u1ebb th\u00f4ng qua b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft tr\u00ean s\u1ebd l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 cho c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng b\u1ea1n \u0111am m\u00ea v\u00e0 y\u00eau th\u00edch c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c <a href=\"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/co-nen-hoc-viec-sua-chua-laptop-tai-hocvienit-vn\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa laptop<\/a>. Ch\u00fac c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng!<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><i>M\u1ecdi chi ti\u1ebft xin vui l\u00f2ng li\u00ean h\u1ec7:<\/i><\/p>\n<p><strong>C\u00d4NG TY C\u1ed4 PH\u1ea6N H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6N IT<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>MST: 0108733789<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>T\u1ed5ng \u0111\u00e0i h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3: 024 3566 8686 \u2013 Hotline: 0981 223 001<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>Facebook:<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.fb.com\/hocvienit\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">www.fb.com\/hocvienit<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0110\u0103ng k\u00fd k\u00eanh Youtube \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i c\u00e1c b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a Hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n vi\u00ean t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t:<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/Youtube_HOCVIENiT\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/bit.ly\/Youtube_HOCVIENiT<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Tham gia c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng H\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n IT.vn t\u1ea1i:<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/groups\/www.hocvienit.vn\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/groups\/www.hocvienit.vn\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i:<\/strong>\u00a0S\u1ed1 8 ng\u00f5 117 Th\u00e1i H\u00e0, \u0110\u1ed1ng \u0110a, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i<\/p>\n<p><strong>H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh:<\/strong>\u00a0S\u1ed1 283\/45 C\u00e1ch M\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m, Ph\u01b0\u1eddng 12, Qu\u1eadn 10,\u00a0TP.HCM<br \/>\n<strong>H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng:<\/strong>\u00a0S\u1ed1 94 Qu\u00e1n Nam, L\u00ea Ch\u00e2n, H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng<\/p>\n<p><strong>Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean:<\/strong>\u00a0S\u1ed1 297 L\u01b0\u01a1ng Ng\u1ecdc Quy\u1ebfn, TP. Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean<br \/>\n<strong><i>H\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n IT.vn \u2013 Truy\u1ec1n ngh\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u00f9ng b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng!\u00a0<\/i><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf l\u00e0 g\u00ec? \u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n. Trong linh ki\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00e9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb&#8230; T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf l\u00e0 &#8230; C\u00f3 2 lo\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":95,"featured_media":6462,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[96,94],"tags":[245],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6459"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/95"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6459"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6459\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/6462"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6459"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6459"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6459"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}