{"id":6287,"date":"2018-12-03T07:17:17","date_gmt":"2018-12-03T07:17:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/?p=6287"},"modified":"2024-06-29T09:20:26","modified_gmt":"2024-06-29T02:20:26","slug":"nhung-tac-dung-cua-dien-tro-quan-trong","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/?p=6287","title":{"rendered":"\u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng quan tr\u1ecdng n\u00e0o?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf l\u00e0 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n. \u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn, v\u1eadt c\u00e0ng kh\u00f3 d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n\u2026 T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_12621\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-12621\" style=\"width: 750px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12621 size-full\" title=\"\u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng quan tr\u1ecdng n\u00e0o?\" src=\"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/dien-tro-co-nhung-tac-dung-quan-trong-nao.jpg\" alt=\"\u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng quan tr\u1ecdng n\u00e0o?\" width=\"750\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/dien-tro-co-nhung-tac-dung-quan-trong-nao.jpg 750w, https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/dien-tro-co-nhung-tac-dung-quan-trong-nao-510x272.jpg 510w, https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/dien-tro-co-nhung-tac-dung-quan-trong-nao-300x160.jpg 300w, https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/dien-tro-co-nhung-tac-dung-quan-trong-nao-600x320.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-12621\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng quan tr\u1ecdng n\u00e0o?<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m r\u1ea5t quen thu\u1ed9c trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa laptop. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf n\u1eafm m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 kh\u00e1 quan tr\u1ecdng trong m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n. V\u1eady th\u00ec c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf l\u00e0 g\u00ec, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng n\u00e0o? C\u00f9ng HocvieniT.vn t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u qua b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111i v\u00e0o t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd c\u00f9ng nhau l\u00e0m r\u00f5 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf tr\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Hi\u1ec3u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n. V\u1eadt d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t th\u00ec c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u00e0ng nh\u1ecf, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf r\u1ea5t cao.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u1ee7a d\u00e2y d\u1eabn ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a d\u00e2y. \u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u1ee7a d\u00e2y d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh theo c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c sau:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">R = \u03c1.L \/ S<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Trong \u0111\u00f3: p l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf su\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L l\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i d\u00e2y d\u1eabn<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">S l\u00e0 ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n d\u00e2y d\u1eabn<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">R l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf (\u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u00d4m)<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb d\u00e2y d\u1eabn<\/span><\/h2>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">H\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng v\u00e0 k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u<\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, c\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf l\u00e0 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t cacbon v\u00e0 kim lo\u1ea1i. T\u00f9y theo t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 pha tr\u1ed9n m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u00f3 tr\u1ecb s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf l\u00e0 \u00d4m (Ohm &#8211; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u03a9), K\u03a9 , M\u03a9<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00e1ch ghi tr\u1ecb s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf<\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf, ta ghi tr\u1ecb s\u1ed1 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c v\u1ea1ch m\u00e0y theo quy \u01b0\u1edbc chung c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn h\u01a1n t\u1eeb 2W tr\u1edf l\u00ean, th\u01b0\u1eddng ta s\u1ebd ghi tr\u1ecb s\u1ed1 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp l\u00ean th\u00e2n. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t, \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf s\u1ee9.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecdc tr\u1ecb s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf<\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>B\u1ea3ng quy \u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0u qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi lo\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u b\u1eb1ng 4 v\u00f2ng m\u00e0u. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u b\u1eb1ng 5 v\u00f2ng m\u00e0u.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_12593\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-12593\" style=\"width: 750px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12593\" src=\"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/bang-gia-tri-dien-tro-qua-ma-mau.jpg\" alt=\"B\u1ea3ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf qua m\u00e3 m\u00e0u\" width=\"750\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/bang-gia-tri-dien-tro-qua-ma-mau.jpg 750w, https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/bang-gia-tri-dien-tro-qua-ma-mau-510x272.jpg 510w, https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/bang-gia-tri-dien-tro-qua-ma-mau-300x160.jpg 300w, https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/bang-gia-tri-dien-tro-qua-ma-mau-600x320.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-12593\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">B\u1ea3ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf qua m\u00e3 m\u00e0u<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>C\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecdc tr\u1ecb s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf 4 v\u00f2ng m\u00e0u<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; V\u00f2ng s\u1ed1 4 l\u00e0 v\u00f2ng \u1edf cu\u1ed1i. V\u00f2ng n\u00e0y lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 m\u00e0u nh\u0169 v\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c nh\u0169 b\u1ea1c. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 v\u00f2ng d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 sai s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf v\u00e0 ta s\u1ebd b\u1ecf qua v\u00f2ng n\u00e0y khi \u0111\u1ecdc tr\u1ecb s\u1ed1.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; \u0110\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi v\u00f2ng cu\u1ed1i l\u00e0 v\u00f2ng s\u1ed1 1. Ti\u1ebfp theo \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00e0 v\u00f2ng s\u1ed1 2, v\u00f2ng s\u1ed1 3. V\u1edbi v\u00f2ng s\u1ed1 1 v\u00e0 2 l\u00e0 h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb. C\u00f2n v\u00f2ng s\u1ed1 3 l\u00e0 b\u1ed9i s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 s\u1ed1 10.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tr\u1ecb s\u1ed1 = (v\u00f2ng 1)(v\u00f2ng 2) x 10^(v\u00f2ng 3)<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; M\u00e0u nh\u0169 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u1edf v\u00f2ng sai ho\u1eb7c v\u00f2ng s\u1ed1 3. N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 v\u00f2ng s\u1ed1 3 l\u00e0 m\u00e0u nh\u0169 th\u00ec s\u1ed1 m\u0169 c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 s\u1ed1 10 s\u1ebd mang d\u1ea5u (-)<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>C\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecdc tr\u1ecb s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c (\u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf 5 v\u00f2ng m\u00e0u)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; V\u00f2ng s\u1ed1 5 l\u00e0 v\u00f2ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ghi sai s\u1ed1. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u00f3 5 v\u00f2ng m\u00e0u th\u00ec m\u00e0u sai s\u1ed1 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e0u kh\u00e1c nhau. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 g\u00e2y n\u00ean kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n cho vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e2u l\u00e0 v\u00f2ng cu\u1ed1i. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c v\u00f2ng. Th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec v\u00f2ng cu\u1ed1i s\u1ebd c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch xa h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; \u0110\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u00f2ng s\u1ed1 5 l\u00e0 v\u00f2ng 1. C\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecdc tr\u1ecb s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a tr\u1edf 4 m\u00e0u, tuy nhi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c th\u00ec v\u00f2ng s\u1ed1 4 l\u00e0 b\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 s\u1ed1 10. C\u00e1c v\u00f2ng 1,2,3 l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00e0 h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m, ch\u1ee5c v\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tr\u1ecb s\u1ed1 = (v\u00f2ng 1)(v\u00f2ng 2)(v\u00f2ng 3) x 10^(v\u00f2ng 4)<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf<\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hi\u1ec7n nay ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 3 lo\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf kh\u00e1c nhau. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf \u0111\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; \u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf th\u01b0\u1eddng: \u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf ch\u1ec9 t\u1eeb 0.125W \u0111\u1ebfn 0.5W.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; \u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t: \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t l\u1edbn h\u01a1n, t\u1eeb 1W, 2W, 5W v\u00e0 10W.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; \u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf s\u1ee9\/ \u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t: \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch g\u1ecdi kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t. Tuy nhi\u00ean, lo\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf n\u00e0y c\u00f3 v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc s\u1ee9 v\u00e0 khi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ebd t\u1ecfa nhi\u1ec7t.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf<\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Khi ta m\u1eafc \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u1ea1ch th\u00ec b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf s\u1ebd ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t <\/span><strong>P = U . I = U2 \/ R = \u00a0I2.R<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u1eeb c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c tr\u00ean, ta th\u1ea5y c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf s\u1ebd ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111i qua \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0o 2 \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf. C\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf ho\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ta l\u1eafp \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf v\u00e0o m\u1ea1ch. Tuy nhi\u00ean n\u00ean l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng n\u1ebfu \u0111em m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t danh \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 th\u00ec s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ch\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta s\u1ebd l\u1eafp \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t danh \u0111\u1ecbnh &gt;= 2 l\u1ea7n c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t ti\u00eau th\u1ee5.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\nNh\u01b0 \u1edf tr\u00ean s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u00ean, ta th\u1ea5y ngu\u1ed3n VCC l\u00e0 12V. C\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 tr\u1ecb s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 120\u2126 nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau. Khi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc K1 v\u00e0 K2 \u0111\u00f3ng, c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf \u0111\u1ec1u ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 1 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng nhau v\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng: P = U<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \/ R = (12 x 12) \/ 120 = 1,2W<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Khi kh\u00f3a K1 \u0111\u00f3ng, do \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t l\u1edbn h\u01a1n c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ch\u00e1y. Khi K2 \u0111\u00f3ng, \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u00ean s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u1ecb ch\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf m\u1eafc n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp<\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf m\u1eafc n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1eb1ng t\u1ed5ng c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i. Rtd = R1 + R3 + R3<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/dinh-nghia-dong-dien-va-cuong-do-dog-dien\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/a> ch\u1ea1y qua c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng nhau v\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng I<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I = (U1\/R1) = (U2\/R2) = (U3\/R3)<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u1eeb c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c tr\u00ean ta th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5t \u00e1p tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf m\u1eafc n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp s\u1ebd t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 thu\u1eadn v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf m\u1eafc song song<\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf m\u1eafc song song c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng Rtd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh b\u1edfi c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(1 \/ Rtd) = (1 \/ R1) + (1 \/ R2) + (1 \/ R3)<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">N\u1ebfu m\u1ea1ch ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 2 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf song song th\u00ec \u00a0<em>Rtd = R1.R2 \/ ( R1 + R2)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ea1y qua c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf m\u1eafc song song t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ngh\u1ecbch v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf.<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf m\u1eafc song song lu\u00f4n b\u1eb1ng nhau.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf m\u1eafc h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p:<\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Vi\u1ec7c m\u1eafc h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf<\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u trong c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t \u1edf trong m\u1ecdi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t linh ki\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu. Trong m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n, c\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; Kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n qua t\u1ea3i cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y v\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e8n 9V trong khi ta ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n 12V, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea5u n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e8n v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ee5t \u00e1p b\u1edbt 3V tr\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\nNh\u01b0 h\u00ecnh <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">tr\u00ean ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ecb s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u01b0 sau: B\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e8n c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p 9V v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t 2W v\u1eady d\u00f2ng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 l\u00e0 \u00a0I = P \/ U = (2 \/ 9) = Ampe \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111i qua \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf. V\u00ec ngu\u1ed3n l\u00e0 12V, b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e8n 9V n\u00ean c\u1ea7n s\u1ee5t \u00e1p tr\u00ean R l\u00e0 3V v\u1eady ta suy ra \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u1ea7n t\u00ecm l\u00e0 \u00a0<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">R = U\/ I = 3 \/ (2\/9) = 27 \/ 2 = 13,5 \u2126<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 tr\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf l\u00e0 : \u00a0P = U.I = 3.(2\/9) = 6\/9 W v\u00ec v\u1eady ta ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng xu\u1ea5t \u00a0P &gt; 6\/9W<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; M\u1eafc \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u1ea7u ph\u00e2n \u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p theo \u00fd mu\u1ed1n t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p cho tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n 12V \u1edf tr\u00ean th\u00f4ng qua c\u1ea7u ph\u00e2n \u00e1p R1 v\u00e0 R2 ta l\u1ea5y ra \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p U1, \u00e1p U1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb hai \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf R1 v\u00e0 R2.theo c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c .<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">U1 \/ U = R1 \/ (R1 + R2) \u00a0=&gt; U1 = U.R1(R1 + R2)<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Thay \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb R1 ho\u1eb7c R2 ta s\u1ebd thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p U1 theo \u00fd mu\u1ed1n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"YouTube video player\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/lGdYasVCBWU\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><br \/>\n<em>T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf: Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m, k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u, c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng chia s\u1ebb ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf. Hy v\u1ecdng b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft s\u1ebd l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 cho nh\u1eefng b\u1ea1n \u0111ang theo <a href=\"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/lang-nghe-chuyen-gia-chia-se-ve-viec-hoc-nghe-sua-laptop\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ngh\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa laptop<\/a> ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 mong mu\u1ed1n g\u1eafn b\u00f3 v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y. Ch\u00fac b\u1ea1n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng!<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><i>M\u1ecdi chi ti\u1ebft xin vui l\u00f2ng li\u00ean h\u1ec7:<\/i><\/p>\n<p><strong>C\u00d4NG TY C\u1ed4 PH\u1ea6N H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6N IT<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>MST: 0108733789<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>T\u1ed5ng \u0111\u00e0i h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3: 024 3566 8686 \u2013 Hotline: 0981 223 001<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>Facebook:<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.fb.com\/hocvienit\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">www.fb.com\/hocvienit<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0110\u0103ng k\u00fd k\u00eanh Youtube \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i c\u00e1c b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a Hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n vi\u00ean t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t:<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/Youtube_HOCVIENiT\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/bit.ly\/Youtube_HOCVIENiT<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Tham gia c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng H\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n IT.vn t\u1ea1i:<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/groups\/www.hocvienit.vn\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/groups\/www.hocvienit.vn\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i:<\/strong>\u00a0S\u1ed1 8 ng\u00f5 117 Th\u00e1i H\u00e0, \u0110\u1ed1ng \u0110a, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i<\/p>\n<p><strong>H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh:<\/strong>\u00a0S\u1ed1 283\/45 C\u00e1ch M\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m, Ph\u01b0\u1eddng 12, Qu\u1eadn 10,\u00a0TP.HCM<br \/>\n<strong>H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng:<\/strong>\u00a0S\u1ed1 94 Qu\u00e1n Nam, L\u00ea Ch\u00e2n, H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng<\/p>\n<p><strong>Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean:<\/strong>\u00a0S\u1ed1 297 L\u01b0\u01a1ng Ng\u1ecdc Quy\u1ebfn, TP. Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean<br \/>\n<strong><i>H\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n IT.vn \u2013 Truy\u1ec1n ngh\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u00f9ng b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng!\u00a0<\/i><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf l\u00e0 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n. \u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn, v\u1eadt c\u00e0ng kh\u00f3 d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n\u2026 T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf l\u00e0 g\u00ec? \u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m r\u1ea5t quen thu\u1ed9c trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa laptop. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i \u0111i\u1ec7n [&#8230;]\n","protected":false},"author":95,"featured_media":12621,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[96,94],"tags":[653,245],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6287"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/95"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6287"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6287\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/12621"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6287"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6287"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6287"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}