{"id":20469,"date":"2021-05-10T10:19:26","date_gmt":"2021-05-10T10:19:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/?p=20469"},"modified":"2024-07-03T11:32:06","modified_gmt":"2024-07-03T04:32:06","slug":"he-dieu-hanh-la-gi-tat-tan-tat-ve-he-dieu-hanh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/?p=20469","title":{"rendered":"H\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh l\u00e0 g\u00ec? T\u1ea5t t\u1ea7n t\u1eadt v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ch\u1eafc h\u1eb3n ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n xa l\u1ea1 v\u1edbi c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb \u201cH\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh\u201d r\u1ed3i \u0111\u00fang kh\u00f4ng n\u00e0o? V\u1eady b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> ch\u01b0a? N\u00f3 c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng g\u00ec trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh? H\u00e3y c\u00f9ng H\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n iT.vn t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u ngay trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y nh\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"H\u1ec7
H\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh l\u00e0 g\u00ec? T\u1ea5t t\u1ea7n t\u1eadt v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i, m\u00e1y t\u00ednh PC hay laptop\u2026 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh. Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. H\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n iT.vn s\u1ebd chia s\u1ebb t\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n ngay sau \u0111\u00e2y.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

H\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

H\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh hay c\u00f2n c\u00f3 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi Ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0 Operating System (\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft l\u00e0 OS). \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m trong m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 chung cho c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh trong m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. Nh\u1edd c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 giao ti\u1ebfp, \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ea3 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m trong m\u00e1y t\u00ednh.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"H\u1ec7
H\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o CPU<\/strong><\/a>, RAM<\/strong><\/a> v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng li\u00ean quan. V\u00e0 h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh s\u1ebd \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed7i ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00fang ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

H\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

H\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u00f3 3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0:<\/span><\/p>\n

– Cung c\u1ea5p giao di\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng th\u00f4ng qua CLI ho\u1eb7c GUI.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Kh\u1edfi ch\u1ea1y v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

– X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00f3 th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t API \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Giao di\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng<\/span><\/h3>\n

M\u1ecdi h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec1u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u giao di\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh. Nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp, c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i giao di\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ch\u00ednh c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n: CLI v\u00e0 GUI. Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/span><\/p>\n

– CLI: Giao di\u1ec7n d\u00f2ng l\u1ec7nh cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh.<\/span><\/p>\n

– GUI: Giao di\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ecda cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ecda bao g\u1ed3m h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh, bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng,…<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng<\/span><\/h3>\n

M\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh x\u1eed l\u00fd vi\u1ec7c kh\u1edfi ch\u1ea1y v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u1ecdi \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng bao g\u1ed3m:<\/span><\/p>\n

– Ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 th\u1eddi gian cho nhi\u1ec1u quy tr\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a CPU cho c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/span><\/p>\n

– X\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c thi \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng can thi\u1ec7p v\u00e0o c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n x\u1eed l\u00fd l\u1ed7i, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00f3a c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c ho\u1eb7c h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh.<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c API cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh hay tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t API Windows c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho ph\u00e9p m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh l\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o t\u1eeb b\u00e0n ph\u00edm ho\u1eb7c chu\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed GUI.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra, h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 sau cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng:<\/span><\/p>\n

– Trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh \u0111a nhi\u1ec7m, n\u01a1i nhi\u1ec1u ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1y c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac, h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh s\u1ebd x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng n\u00e0o s\u1ebd ch\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1eddi gian c\u1ea7n cho ph\u00e9p cho m\u1ed7i \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi cho \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c ch\u1ea1y ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i.<\/span><\/p>\n

– N\u00f3 x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0110\u1ea7u v\u00e0o\/\u0110\u1ea7u ra (I\/O) t\u1eeb c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng k\u00e8m theo ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng, m\u00e1y in…<\/span><\/p>\n

– N\u00f3 g\u1eedi th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eebng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c hay nh\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u1ec1 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 l\u1ed7i n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra.<\/span><\/p>\n

– N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m t\u1ea3i vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Tr\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd song song v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n chia ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1y tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb<\/span><\/h3>\n

H\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp chung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. Khi h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng, h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh s\u1ebd c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t driver t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng cho ph\u00e9p n\u00f3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5. N\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng ghi l\u1ea1i ch\u00fang trong m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 Windows Registry<\/a><\/strong>. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean v\u00e1, c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt driver v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh s\u1ebd t\u1ea3i ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t. Khi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ebf, h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u0169ng c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh driver m\u1edbi.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh n\u00e0o ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n nay?<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

Hi\u1ec7n nay, c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

H\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh d\u00e0nh cho m\u00e1y t\u00ednh<\/span><\/h3>\n

C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh d\u00e0nh cho m\u00e1y t\u00ednh ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n nay bao g\u1ed3m Windows, MacOS, Linux.<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh Windows<\/span><\/strong><\/h4>\n

Windows l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Microsoft ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. V\u1edbi giao di\u1ec7n \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, n\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"H\u1ec7
H\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh Windows<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1985, \u0111\u1ebfn nay h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh Windows \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n nh\u01b0: H\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh DOS (H\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c s\u01a1 khai nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Windows), Windows 1.0, Windows 2.0, Windows 3.0, Windows 3.1, Windows For Workgroup, Windows NT, Windows 95, Windows 98, Windows Me, Windows 2000, Windows XP, Windows Vista, Windows 7, Windows 8\/8.1, Windows 10.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh MacOS<\/span><\/strong><\/h4>\n

H\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh MacOS hay tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Mac OS X v\u00e0 sau l\u00e0 OS X. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n b\u1edfi Apple.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"H\u1ec7
H\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh MacOS<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Trong th\u1eddi gian g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n MacOS bao g\u1ed3m: Sierra ra m\u1eaft n\u0103m 2016, High Sierra ra m\u1eaft n\u0103m 2017, Mojave ra m\u1eaft 2018, Catalina ra m\u1eaft n\u0103m 2019 v\u00e0 Big Sur ra m\u1eaft n\u0103m 2020.<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh Linux<\/span><\/strong><\/h4>\n

Linux l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh theo \u00fd mu\u1ed1n. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 n\u00f3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"H\u1ec7
H\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh Linux<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Hi\u1ec7n nay, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ea3n Linux ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u nh\u01b0: Ubuntu, Linux Mint, Debian, Fedora, CentOS\/Red Hat Enterprise Linux, OpenSUSE\/SUSE Linux Enterprise, Mageia\/Mandriva, Slackware Linux, Puppy Linux\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

H\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh d\u00e0nh cho \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i<\/span><\/h3>\n

H\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh d\u00e0nh cho di \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng nh\u01b0 h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh d\u00e0nh cho PC, laptop v\u00e0 ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1y t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u00f9ng l\u00fac. Tuy nhi\u00ean, b\u1ea1n v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 xem phim, l\u01b0\u1edbt Web, ch\u01a1i tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh Android<\/span><\/strong><\/h4>\n

H\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh Android l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng Linux. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh b\u1ea3ng. T\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2020, Android l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb di \u0111\u1ed9ng, v\u1edbi 74,3% th\u1ecb ph\u1ea7n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. IOS c\u1ee7a Apple \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u1ee9 hai v\u1edbi 24,8%.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"H\u1ec7
H\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh Android<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

C\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh Android bao g\u1ed3m Android 1.0, Android 1.5 (Cupcake), Android 1.6 (Donut), Android 2.0 (Eclair), Android 2.2 (Froyo), Android 2.3 (Gingerbread), Android 3.0 \u0111\u1ebfn 3.2 (Honeycomb), Android 4.0 (Ice Cream Sandwich), Android 4.1 \u0111\u1ebfn 4.3 (Jelly Bean), Android 4.4 (KitKat), Android 5.0 (Lollipop), Android 6.0 (Marshmallow), Android 7.0 v\u00e0 7.1 (Nougat), Android 8.0 v\u00e0 8.1 (Oreo), Android 9.0 (Pie), Android 10 (Android Q), Android 11 (Android R) v\u00e0 Android 12.<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh iOS<\/span><\/strong><\/h4>\n

iOS (Hay tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 iPhone OS) l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh tr\u00ean c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb di \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1edfi Apple. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh ch\u1ea1y tr\u00ean c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m iPhone, iPad, v\u00e0 iPod Touch v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn th\u1ee9 2 tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, sau Android c\u1ee7a Google. Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh iOS l\u00e0 iOS 14.5.1.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"H\u1ec7
H\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh iOS<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 chia s\u1ebb c\u1ee7a H\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n iT.vn v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh. Hy v\u1ecdng nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u00edch cho b\u1ea1n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 th\u1eafc m\u1eafc n\u00e0o th\u00ec h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn ngay d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y ho\u1eb7c inbox tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp cho HOCVIENiT.vn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t. Ch\u00fac b\u1ea1n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng!<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ecdi chi ti\u1ebft xin vui l\u00f2ng li\u00ean h\u1ec7:
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\nH\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n IT.vn \u2013 Truy\u1ec1n ngh\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u00f9ng b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng!\u00a0<\/i><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ch\u1eafc h\u1eb3n ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n xa l\u1ea1 v\u1edbi c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb \u201cH\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh\u201d r\u1ed3i \u0111\u00fang kh\u00f4ng n\u00e0o? V\u1eady b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh l\u00e0 g\u00ec ch\u01b0a? N\u00f3 c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng g\u00ec trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh? H\u00e3y c\u00f9ng H\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n iT.vn t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u ngay trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y nh\u00e9.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":95,"featured_media":20470,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[96,94],"tags":[519,762,758,594,763,493],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20469"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/95"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=20469"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20469\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/20470"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=20469"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=20469"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=20469"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}