{"id":20438,"date":"2021-05-05T04:52:03","date_gmt":"2021-05-05T04:52:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/?p=20438"},"modified":"2024-07-03T11:33:25","modified_gmt":"2024-07-03T04:33:25","slug":"chi-tiet-cach-su-dung-lenh-date-trong-linux-tren-thuc-te","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/?p=20438","title":{"rendered":"Chi ti\u1ebft c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ec7nh date trong Linux tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf"},"content":{"rendered":"

L\u1ec7nh date trong Linux l\u00e0 l\u1ec7nh hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t ng\u00e0y gi\u1edd cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. L\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y c\u0169ng cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1eddi gian \u1edf c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u00e1c ng\u00e0y trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Chi
Chi ti\u1ebft c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ec7nh date trong Linux tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

L\u1ec7nh date l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ec7nh th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng trong Linux. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng li\u1ec7u b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a l\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y ch\u01b0a? H\u00e3y t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u ngay b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft th\u00eam chi ti\u1ebft.<\/span><\/p>\n

Xem th\u00eam:\u00a05 c\u00e1ch l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i l\u1ec7nh cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng tr\u00ean Linux<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

L\u1ec7nh date trong Linux l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u1edf tr\u00ean, l\u1ec7nh date trong Linux l\u00e0 l\u1ec7nh hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t ng\u00e0y gi\u1edd cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Trong \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ti\u00ean quy\u1ebft sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

– H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u1ea1y Linux.<\/span><\/p>\n

– M\u1ed9t t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n \u01b0u ti\u00ean (Root).<\/span><\/p>\n

– Truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 Terminal.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"L\u1ec7nh
L\u1ec7nh date trong Linux<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

C\u00fa ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a l\u1ec7nh date l\u00e0:<\/span><\/p>\n

date [option]… [+format]<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/span><\/p>\n

[option] l\u00e0 t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn.<\/span><\/p>\n

[+format] l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ec7nh date trong Linux tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

1. Hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 gi\u1edd hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span><\/h3>\n

C\u00fa ph\u00e1p: $ date<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea7u ra: Wed 28 Sep 2020 04:51:04 PM CEST<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u1ec7nh hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 gi\u1edd hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i bao g\u1ed3m t\u00ean th\u1ee9 vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft, ng\u00e0y, t\u00ean th\u00e1ng vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft, n\u0103m v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch b\u1eb1ng d\u1ea5u hai ch\u1ea5m, t\u00ean m\u00fai gi\u1edd. Theo m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh, l\u1ec7nh date \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t th\u00e0nh m\u00fai gi\u1edd c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"L\u1ec7nh
L\u1ec7nh Date hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb ng\u00e0y gi\u1edd hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

2. T\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng l\u1ec7nh date trong Linux<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u1ee7a l\u1ec7nh date, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c k\u00fd t\u1ef1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc d\u1ea5u \u201c+\u201d. C\u00e1c t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng %K\u00fd hi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ra l\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u1ede v\u00ed d\u1ee5 d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, %Y thay th\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng n\u0103m hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, %m thay th\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng th\u00e1ng v\u00e0 %d thay th\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y:<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00fa ph\u00e1p: date +”Year: %Y, Month: %m, Day: %d”<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea7u ra: Year: 2020, Month: 09, Day: 28<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c k\u00fd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t cho l\u1ec7nh date:<\/span><\/p>\n

%D<\/strong> – Ng\u00e0y hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng mm\/dd\/yy.<\/span><\/p>\n

%Y<\/strong> – N\u0103m.<\/span><\/p>\n

%m<\/strong> – Th\u00e1ng (01-12).<\/span><\/p>\n

%B<\/strong> – T\u00ean th\u00e1ng vi\u1ebft d\u00e0i (V\u00ed d\u1ee5: November).<\/span><\/p>\n

%b<\/strong> – T\u00ean th\u00e1ng vi\u1ebft ng\u1eafn (V\u00ed d\u1ee5: Nov).<\/span><\/p>\n

%d<\/strong> – Ng\u00e0y trong th\u00e1ng (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: 01).<\/span><\/p>\n

%j<\/strong> – Ng\u00e0y trong n\u0103m (001-366).<\/span><\/p>\n

%u<\/strong> – Ng\u00e0y trong tu\u1ea7n (1-7).<\/span><\/p>\n

%A<\/strong> – T\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c ng\u00e0y trong tu\u1ea7n (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: Friday)<\/span><\/p>\n

%a<\/strong> – T\u00ean ng\u00e0y trong tu\u1ea7n vi\u1ebft ng\u1eafn (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: th\u1ee9 Fri)<\/span><\/p>\n

%H<\/strong> – Gi\u1edd (00-23)<\/span><\/p>\n

%I<\/strong> – Gi\u1edd (01-12)<\/span><\/p>\n

%M<\/strong> – Ph\u00fat (00-59)<\/span><\/p>\n

%S<\/strong> – Gi\u00e2y (00-60)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 xem t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng, h\u00e3y ch\u1ea1y date –help ho\u1eb7c l\u1ec7nh man date trong c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 Terminal.<\/span><\/p>\n

3. \u0110\u1eb7t ho\u1eb7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i ng\u00e0y trong Linux<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng theo c\u00e1ch th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ec7nh –set<\/strong>. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 gi\u1edd th\u00e0nh 5:30 s\u00e1ng, ng\u00e0y 13 th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m 2020, h\u00e3y nh\u1eadp: date –set=”20200513 05:30″.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"L\u1ec7nh
L\u1ec7nh thay \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u1edd trong Linux<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

4. Hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb c\u00e1c ng\u00e0y trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/span><\/h3>\n

S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ec7nh date \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb c\u00e1c ng\u00e0y trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 trong Linux. C\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh date ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb nh\u01b0 “tomorrow”, “Friday”, “last Friday”, “next Friday”, “next week”… V\u00ec v\u1eady, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c chu\u1ed7i sau \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea7u ra l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u00e0y trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9: date –date=”time”<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong \u0111\u00f3, time l\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5: date –date=”2 year ago”<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea7u ra: Mon 01 Oct 2018 12:29:15 PM CEST<\/span><\/p>\n

5. Hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb c\u00e1c ng\u00e0y trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai<\/span><\/h3>\n

Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c ng\u00e0y trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ec7nh date \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb c\u00e1c ng\u00e0y trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5: date –date=”next monday”<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea7u ra: Mon 05 Oct 2020 12:00:00 AM CEST<\/span><\/p>\n

\"L\u1ec7nh
L\u1ec7nh hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb c\u00e1c ng\u00e0y trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

6. Hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb chu\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y th\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ec7p<\/span><\/h3>\n

C\u00fa ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a l\u1ec7nh date hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb chu\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y th\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ec7p nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

date –file=file_name.txt<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Trong \u0111\u00f3: file_name l\u00e0 t\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u1ec7p.<\/span><\/p>\n

7. Hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a t\u1ec7p<\/span><\/h3>\n

Khi b\u1ea1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ec7nh date -r th\u00ec n\u00f3 s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb th\u1eddi gian s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ec7p. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: l\u1ec7nh sau s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb l\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng t\u1ec7p m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay \u0111\u1ed5i:<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00fa ph\u00e1p: date -r \/etc\/hosts<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea7u ra: Wed 30 Sep 2020 12:25:17 PM CEST<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

8. Thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00fai gi\u1edd<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00fai gi\u1edd kh\u00e1c, h\u00e3y \u0111\u1eb7t TZ th\u00e0nh m\u00fai gi\u1edd mong mu\u1ed1n. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: \u0110\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n sang gi\u1edd New York, h\u00e3y nh\u1eadp:<\/span><\/p>\n

TZ=’America\/New_York’ date<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\"L\u1ec7nh
L\u1ec7nh thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00fai gi\u1edd<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

9. C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1eddi gian<\/span><\/h3>\n

Ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean, l\u1ec7nh date c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1eddi gian. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 gi\u00e2y tr\u00f4i qua k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 1 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 1970, l\u00fac 00:00:00 UTC.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00fa ph\u00e1p: date +%s<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 xem c\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau gi\u00e2y tr\u00f4i qua t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 1 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 1970 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, h\u00e3y nh\u1eadp:<\/span><\/p>\n

$ date -d “1990-04-08″ +”%s”<\/span><\/p>\n

Xem th\u00eam:\u00a0Top 3 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m backup d\u1eef li\u1ec7u cho Linux<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 chia s\u1ebb c\u1ee7a H\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n iT.vn v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ec7nh date trong Linux tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. Hy v\u1ecdng nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u00edch cho b\u1ea1n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 th\u1eafc m\u1eafc n\u00e0o th\u00ec h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn ngay d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y ho\u1eb7c inbox tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp cho HOCVIENiT.vn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t. Ch\u00fac b\u1ea1n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng!<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ecdi chi ti\u1ebft xin vui l\u00f2ng li\u00ean h\u1ec7:
\n<\/i>C\u00d4NG TY C\u1ed4 PH\u1ea6N H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6N IT
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 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

L\u1ec7nh date trong Linux l\u00e0 l\u1ec7nh hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t ng\u00e0y gi\u1edd cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. L\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y c\u0169ng cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1eddi gian \u1edf c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u00e1c ng\u00e0y trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":95,"featured_media":20439,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[96,94],"tags":[594],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20438"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/95"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=20438"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20438\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/20439"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=20438"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=20438"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=20438"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}