{"id":19581,"date":"2021-02-05T09:38:35","date_gmt":"2021-02-05T09:38:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/?p=19581"},"modified":"2024-07-03T12:01:25","modified_gmt":"2024-07-03T05:01:25","slug":"dien-tro-nhiet-la-gi-tong-hop-kien-thuc-ve-dien-tro-nhiet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/?p=19581","title":{"rendered":"\u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 g\u00ec? T\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng. V\u1eady b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 g\u00ec ch\u01b0a? C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 ra sao? Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? H\u00e3y c\u00f9ng H\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n iT.vn t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u chi ti\u1ebft trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\u0110i\u1ec7n
\u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 g\u00ec? T\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

\u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t (Hay c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf ho\u1eb7c Thermistor) l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf<\/strong><\/a> c\u00f3 tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9. Lo\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf n\u00e0y ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1edfi \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb gia d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 n\u1ed3i c\u01a1m \u0111i\u1ec7n, t\u1ee7 l\u1ea1nh, \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam:\u00a0Dung kh\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh dung kh\u00e1ng<\/a><\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t linh ki\u1ec7n c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o t\u1eeb h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c b\u1ed9t oxit. H\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh b\u1edfi hai ho\u1eb7c ba lo\u1ea1i oxit kim lo\u1ea1i v\u1edbi oxit k\u1ebdm. Trong \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i oxit \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 v\u1edbi nhau v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. Sau \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p oxit \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e9n ch\u1eb7t trong m\u1ed9t v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc g\u1ed1m v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nung n\u00f3ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf.<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u01b0u \u00fd: M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p oxit kh\u00f4ng c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 s\u1ebd ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c theo s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9.<\/span><\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0ng ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia n\u00f3 th\u00e0nh 2 lo\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh:<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

1. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf NTC (Negative temperature coefficient) \u2013 Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec7t \u00e2m<\/span><\/h3>\n

Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf NTC hay c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec7t \u00e2m ho\u1eb7c ngh\u1ecbch \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf. Lo\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf n\u00e0y c\u00f3 tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 ngh\u1ecbch v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9. T\u1ee9c l\u00e0 khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng th\u00ec tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng gi\u1ea3m.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 \u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o t\u1eeb c\u00e1c oxit kim lo\u1ea1i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf NTC th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t theo c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Ceramic.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Nhi\u1ec7t
Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf NTC<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

2. \u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t PTC ( Positive temperature coefficient) \u2013 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 d\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span><\/h3>\n

Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf PTC hay c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec7t d\u01b0\u01a1ng ho\u1eb7c thu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf. Lo\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf n\u00e0y c\u00f3 tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 thu\u1eadn v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9. T\u1ee9c l\u00e0 khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng th\u00ec tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng c\u0169ng t\u0103ng l\u00ean t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong \u0111\u00f3, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 d\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia ra th\u00e0nh 2 lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf Silic (\u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t Silistor) v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t PTC chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\u0110i\u1ec7n
\u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t PTC<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

Nh\u00ecn chung, nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 khi d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111i qua \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t th\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ecb thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u0169ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i theo.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0 tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh th\u00ec ta c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0394R = k\u0394T<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0394R<\/strong> l\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0394T<\/strong> l\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/span><\/p>\n

k<\/strong> l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf (k c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e2m ho\u1eb7c d\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c theo \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 ngh\u1ecbch \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf hay thu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf).<\/span><\/p>\n

Xem th\u00eam:\u00a0\u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/a><\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u trong c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed. Trong \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf ph\u1ea3i k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0:<\/span><\/p>\n

– D\u00f9ng l\u00e0m c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/span><\/p>\n

– S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ph\u1ea7n m\u1ea1ch b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 c\u1ea5p ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/p>\n

– \u0110o l\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh y t\u1ebf, c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft…<\/span><\/p>\n

– B\u00f9 nhi\u1ec7t cho c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, m\u1ea1ch t\u00edch h\u1ee3p, b\u1ed9 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng tinh th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 c\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 chia s\u1ebb c\u1ee7a H\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n iT.vn li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 g\u00ec? T\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t. Hy v\u1ecdng nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u00edch cho b\u1ea1n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 th\u1eafc m\u1eafc n\u00e0o th\u00ec h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn ngay d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y ho\u1eb7c inbox tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp cho HOCVIENiT.vn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t. Ch\u00fac b\u1ea1n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng!<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng. V\u1eady b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 g\u00ec ch\u01b0a? C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 ra sao? Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? H\u00e3y c\u00f9ng H\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n iT.vn t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u chi ti\u1ebft trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":95,"featured_media":19582,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[734],"tags":[245,661],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19581"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/95"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=19581"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19581\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/19582"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=19581"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=19581"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=19581"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}