{"id":18692,"date":"2020-11-19T07:42:18","date_gmt":"2020-11-19T07:42:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/?p=18692"},"modified":"2024-07-03T12:35:03","modified_gmt":"2024-07-03T05:35:03","slug":"mach-chia-ap-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/?p=18692","title":{"rendered":"M\u1ea1ch chia \u00e1p l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ch chia \u00e1p tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf"},"content":{"rendered":"

Khi ta mu\u1ed1n l\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n cho tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00ec ta c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ea1ch chia \u00e1p. V\u1eady m\u1ea1ch chia \u00e1p l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong> M\u1ea1ch chia \u00e1p ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf? H\u00e3y c\u00f9ng t\u00ecm l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p ngay qua b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"M\u1ea1ch
M\u1ea1ch chia \u00e1p l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ch chia \u00e1p tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

M\u1ea1ch chia \u00e1p l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

M\u1ea1ch chia \u00e1p (Hay c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u1ea1ch ph\u00e2n \u00e1p) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u00fap c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n l\u1ea5y ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111ang c\u00f3. M\u1ea1ch n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng con \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf<\/strong><\/a> ho\u1eb7c bi\u1ebfn tr\u1edf.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ch chia \u00e1p tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ch chia \u00e1p tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, ta m\u1eafc n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eefng con \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf nh\u01b0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Ho\u1ea1t
Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ch chia \u00e1p tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed ta c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u1ea1ch k\u00edn bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n 10V v\u1edbi hai con \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf m\u1eafc n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi nhau.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt \u00d4m (Ohm), khi m\u1eafc m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n k\u00edn th\u00ec trong m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n k\u00edn s\u1ebd xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ea1y qua \u0111\u00f3. D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n trong m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp n\u00e0y s\u1ebd b\u1eb1ng nhau t\u1ea1i m\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec3m tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n. Khi \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p r\u01a1i tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 U. V\u00e0 theo \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt \u00d4m, hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf r\u01a1i tr\u00ean hai \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf s\u1ebd b\u1eb1ng d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ea1y qua nh\u00e2n v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf.<\/span><\/p>\n

U = IR<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Trong \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt \u00d4m v\u1edbi \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u1ea1ch n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp, hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o b\u1eb1ng t\u1ed5ng c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf r\u01a1i tr\u00ean c\u00e1c con linh ki\u1ec7n \u1edf trong \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u1ea1ch m\u1eafc n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

U = U1<\/sub> + U2<\/sub><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u1ea3 hai con \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf s\u1ebd c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng nhau v\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng 5V \u1edf v\u00ed d\u1ee5 tr\u00ean.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n chia \u00e1p \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hai con \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf m\u1eafc n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp nhau. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, ta s\u1ebd chia \u0111\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111i v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 hai con \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf b\u1eb1ng nhau.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f2n n\u1ebfu ta mu\u1ed1n chia ra m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 th\u00ec ta c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hai con \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng nhau. Khi \u0111\u00f3, ta c\u00f3 h<\/span>i\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf gi\u1eefa hai \u0111\u1ea7u R1, R2 b\u1eb1ng d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n nh\u00e2n v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

U1<\/sub> = IR1<\/sub><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

U2<\/sub> = IR2<\/sub><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta mu\u1ed1n \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p ra b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng bi\u1ebfn tr\u1edf (Chi\u1ebft \u00e1p).<\/span><\/p>\n

\"H\u00ecnh
H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh bi\u1ebfn tr\u1edf tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u0110i\u1ec3m chi\u1ebft \u00e1p ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m gi\u1eefa tr\u00ean th\u00e2n con \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd chia con \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf n\u00e0y th\u00e0nh hai ph\u1ea7n R1<\/sub> v\u00e0 R2<\/sub>. \u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u1ea7u ra s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c:<\/span><\/p>\n

Vout<\/sub> = Vcc<\/sub>\/(R1<\/sub>+R2<\/sub>) * R2<\/sub><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 chia s\u1ebb c\u1ee7a H\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n iT.vn v\u1ec1 m\u1ea1ch chia \u00e1p. Hy v\u1ecdng nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u00edch cho b\u1ea1n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 th\u1eafc m\u1eafc n\u00e0o th\u00ec h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn ngay d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y ho\u1eb7c inbox tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp cho HOCVIENiT.vn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t. Ch\u00fac b\u1ea1n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng!<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft li\u00ean quan:<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ea1ch \u1ed5n \u00e1p l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ch \u1ed5n \u00e1p tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ea1ch h\u1ea1 \u00e1p v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ch\u1ec9nh l\u01b0u t\u1eeb xoay chi\u1ec1u AC th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u DC<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

Ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec? L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng?<\/a><\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

M\u1ecdi chi ti\u1ebft xin vui l\u00f2ng li\u00ean h\u1ec7:
\n<\/i>C\u00d4NG TY C\u1ed4 PH\u1ea6N H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6N IT
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\nH\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o:\u00a0<\/b>https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/lien-he\/<\/a>
\nH\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n IT.vn \u2013 Truy\u1ec1n ngh\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u00f9ng b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng!\u00a0<\/i><\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Khi ta mu\u1ed1n l\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n cho tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00ec ta c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ea1ch chia \u00e1p. V\u1eady m\u1ea1ch chia \u00e1p l\u00e0 g\u00ec? M\u1ea1ch chia \u00e1p ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf? H\u00e3y c\u00f9ng t\u00ecm l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p ngay qua b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":95,"featured_media":18695,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[734],"tags":[661],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18692"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/95"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=18692"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18692\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/18695"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=18692"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=18692"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=18692"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}