{"id":17632,"date":"2020-09-24T10:09:55","date_gmt":"2020-09-24T10:09:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/?p=17632"},"modified":"2024-11-23T15:54:25","modified_gmt":"2024-11-23T08:54:25","slug":"tong-hop-kien-thuc-ve-cuon-cam-dien-tu-can-ban","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hocvienit.vn\/?p=17632","title":{"rendered":"T\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m \u2013 \u0110i\u1ec7n t\u1eed c\u0103n b\u1ea3n"},"content":{"rendered":"

Khi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed c\u0103n b\u1ea3n th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eafc t\u1edbi cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m<\/strong>. B\u1edfi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 linh ki\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed n\u00f3i chung v\u00e0 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh n\u00f3i ri\u00eang. V\u1eady b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m l\u00e0 g\u00ec ch\u01b0a? C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m ra sao? T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p chi ti\u1ebft qua b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"T\u1ed5ng
T\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m \u2013 \u0110i\u1ec7n t\u1eed c\u0103n b\u1ea3n<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

1. Cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

Cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m<\/a><\/strong> (Hay c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9n t\u1eeb, cu\u1ed9n t\u1eeb c\u1ea3m) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i linh ki\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng, mang t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb. N\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i theo th\u1eddi gian (Nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n xoay chi\u1ec1u).<\/span><\/p>\n

Cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1edf d\u1ea1ng t\u1eeb n\u0103ng (N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m khi d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111i qua) v\u00e0 l\u00e0m d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1ecb tr\u1ec5 pha so v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p m\u1ed9t g\u00f3c b\u1eb1ng 90\u00b0.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n, cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1eafc v\u1edbi t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ea1ch l\u1ecdc LC, c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1eafn ph\u1eb3ng d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n. Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m c\u00f2n \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 d\u1eabn d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ea1ch c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng khi gh\u00e9p cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp ho\u1eb7c song song v\u1edbi t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n. Ngo\u00e0i ra, n\u00f3 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t linh ki\u1ec7n gi\u00fap ch\u1eb7n d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n cao t\u1ea7n trong m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Cu\u1ed9n
Cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m (K\u00ed hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 L). \u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111o c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m l\u00e0 Henry (K\u00fd hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 H).<\/span><\/p>\n

2. Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

2.1 D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o ph\u1ea1m vi \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng<\/span><\/h3>\n

C\u0103n c\u1ee9 theo c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 ph\u1ea1m vi \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u00ec cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia ra th\u00e0nh 3 lo\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0:<\/span><\/p>\n

– Cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m \u00e2m t\u1ea7n<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m trung t\u1ea7n.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m cao t\u1ea7n.<\/span><\/p>\n

2.2 D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng<\/span><\/h3>\n

Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng ta c\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i c\u1eafm v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i d\u00e1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

2.3 D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o<\/span><\/h3>\n

C\u0103n c\u1ee9 theo c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 l\u00f5i v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng l\u00f5i.<\/span><\/p>\n

2.4 M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<\/span><\/h3>\n

– Cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m l\u00f5i r\u1ed7ng (Air Core Inductor):<\/strong> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u00f5i. N\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn mi\u1ec5n c\u01b0\u1ee1ng cao cho t\u1eeb th\u00f4ng n\u00ean c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m \u00edt h\u01a1n. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m l\u00f5i r\u1ed7ng c\u00f3 cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y l\u1edbn h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1eeb th\u00f4ng cao h\u01a1n. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 cao bao g\u1ed3m m\u00e1y thu TV v\u00e0 radio.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m l\u00f5i Ferrite (Ferrite Core Inductor):<\/strong> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m chung l\u00e0 mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t l\u00f5i th\u1ea5p \u1edf t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 cao. \u0110i\u1ec1u l\u00e0m n\u00ean l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf n\u00e0y l\u00e0 do ch\u00fang c\u00f3 l\u00f5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb Ferrite (\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t g\u1ed1m oxit kim lo\u1ea1i d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p Ferric Oxide Fe2O3).<\/span><\/p>\n

– Cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m l\u00f5i h\u00ecnh xuy\u1ebfn (Toroidal Core Inductor):<\/strong> Trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ec3 trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y th\u00ec cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m l\u00f5i h\u00ecnh xuy\u1ebfn l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m c\u00f3 th\u00f4ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p. Tuy nhi\u00ean, lo\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf n\u00ean \u0111\u00f4i khi l\u00f5i ferrite c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m \u1ed1ng ch\u1ec9 (Bobbin based Inductor):<\/strong> Cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m \u1ed1ng ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp (Multi Layer Inductor):<\/strong> Nh\u01b0 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp ch\u1ee9a hai m\u1eabu cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp th\u00e0nh hai l\u1edbp \u1edf ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp. C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111i\u1ec7n theo c\u00e1ch li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi hai m\u1eabu cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y d\u1eabn h\u01a1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf ph\u1ea7n d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp. Ch\u00fang ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng tin di \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u1eed nhi\u1ec5u.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m m\u00e0ng m\u1ecfng (Thin Film Inductor):<\/strong> Cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m m\u00e0ng m\u1ecfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u00e0ng m\u1ecfng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m chip cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 cao, dao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb kho\u1ea3ng nano Henry.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Nh\u1eefng
Nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

3. C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

Nh\u00ecn chung, c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00f2ng d\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea5n l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u v\u00f2ng. Trong \u0111\u00f3, d\u00e2y cu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u01a1n emay c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n. B\u00ean trong cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1eabn t\u1eeb nh\u01b0 Ferrite hay l\u00f5i th\u00e9p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u tr\u00ean s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

L1<\/strong> l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y l\u00f5i kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

L2<\/strong> l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y l\u00f5i ferit.<\/span><\/p>\n

L3<\/strong> l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y c\u00f3 l\u00f5i ch\u1ec9nh.<\/span><\/p>\n

L4<\/strong> l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y l\u00f5i th\u00e9p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"C\u1ea5u
C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

4. Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

4.1 H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m (\u0110\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt Faraday)<\/span><\/h3>\n

H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng cho s\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y khi c\u00f3 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean ch\u1ea1y qua.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c: <\/span><\/p>\n

L = (\u00b5r x 4 x 3,14 x n2<\/sup> x S x 10-7<\/sup>) \/ l<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Trong \u0111\u00f3:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

L<\/strong> l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y, \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb l\u00e0 Henry (H).<\/span><\/p>\n

n<\/strong> l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 v\u00f2ng d\u00e2y c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y.<\/span><\/p>\n

l<\/strong> l\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng m\u00e9t (m).<\/span><\/p>\n

S<\/strong> l\u00e0 ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a l\u00f5i, t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng m2.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00b5r<\/strong> l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 t\u1eeb th\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00e0m l\u00f5i.<\/span><\/p>\n

4.2 C\u1ea3m kh\u00e1ng<\/span><\/h3>\n

C\u1ea3m kh\u00e1ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng cho s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n xoay chi\u1ec1u.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c: <\/span><\/p>\n

ZL = 2 x 3,14 x f x L<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Trong \u0111\u00f3 :\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

ZL<\/strong> l\u00e0 c\u1ea3m kh\u00e1ng, \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb l\u00e0 \u2126.<\/span><\/p>\n

f<\/strong> l\u00e0 t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb l\u00e0 Hz<\/span><\/p>\n

L<\/strong> l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m , \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb l\u00e0 Henry (H).<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1eeb c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c tr\u00ean, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u00fat ra k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng c\u1ea3m kh\u00e1ng t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 thu\u1eadn v\u1edbi t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u1ebfu d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n xoay chi\u1ec1u c\u00f3 t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 c\u00e0ng cao th\u00ec \u0111i qua cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y c\u00e0ng kh\u00f3. C\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u c\u00f3 t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 f = 0 Hz v\u00ec v\u1eady v\u1edbi d\u00f2ng m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m kh\u00e1ng ZL = 0.<\/span><\/p>\n

4.3 \u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf thu\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf thu\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 v\u1ea1n n\u0103ng. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed1t th\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf thu\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i nh\u1ecf so v\u1edbi c\u1ea3m kh\u00e1ng. \u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf thu\u1ea7n c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf t\u1ed5n hao v\u00ec ch\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf n\u00e0y sinh ra nhi\u1ec7t khi cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

4.4 T\u00ednh n\u1ea1p, x\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y<\/span><\/h3>\n

Khi m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ea1y qua cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y n\u1ea1p s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh theo c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

W = L x I2<\/sup> \/ 2<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Trong \u0111\u00f3:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

W<\/strong> l\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (Jun – J).<\/span><\/p>\n

L<\/strong> l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m (H).<\/span><\/p>\n

I<\/strong> l\u00e0 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n (Ampe – A).<\/span><\/p>\n

5. Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

5.1 \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u (DC)<\/span><\/h3>\n

Trong d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u<\/a> th\u00ec d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i (T\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 b\u1eb1ng 0). N\u00ean cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y n\u1ed1i \u0111o\u1ea3n m\u1ea1ch hay n\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00e1ng g\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng (G\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00e1ng). Theo \u0111\u00f3, d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u00ean cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y sinh ra m\u1ed9t t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng (B) c\u00f3 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/span><\/p>\n

5.2 \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n xoay chi\u1ec1u (AC)<\/span><\/h3>\n

Khi cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n xoay chi\u1ec1u<\/a> th\u00ec d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u00ean cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y sinh ra m\u1ed9t t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng (B) bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng (E) bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean, nh\u01b0ng lu\u00f4n vu\u00f4ng g\u00f3c v\u1edbi t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng. C\u1ea3m kh\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng xoay chi\u1ec1u.<\/span><\/p>\n

6. C\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecdc gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

6.1 Cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m ghi m\u00e3 s\u1ed1<\/span><\/h3>\n

Ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u00e3 s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m. C\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
K\u00fd hi\u1ec7u<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nDung sai<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
B<\/span><\/td>\n+\/- 0.15 nH<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
C<\/span><\/td>\n+\/- 0.2 nH<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
S<\/span><\/td>\n+\/- 0.3 nH<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
D<\/span><\/td>\n+\/- 0.5 nH<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
F<\/span><\/td>\n+\/- 1%<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
G<\/span><\/td>\n+\/- 2%<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
H<\/span><\/td>\n+\/- 3%<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
J<\/span><\/td>\n+\/- 5%<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
K<\/span><\/td>\n+\/- 10%<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
L<\/span><\/td>\n+\/- 15%<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
M<\/span><\/td>\n+\/- 20%<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
V<\/span><\/td>\n+\/- 25%<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
N<\/span><\/td>\n+\/- 30%<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

6.2 Cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m 4 v\u1ea1ch m\u00e0u<\/span><\/h3>\n

T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecdc gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m theo v\u00f2ng m\u00e0u nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
V\u00f2ng<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n1<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n2<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n3<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n4<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nCh\u1eef s\u1ed1 th\u1ee9 1<\/span><\/td>\nCh\u1eef s\u1ed1 th\u1ee9 2<\/span><\/td>\nH\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n<\/span><\/td>\nDung sai<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
V\u00e0ng kim<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n–<\/span><\/td>\n–<\/span><\/td>\n-10<\/span><\/td>\n+\/- 5%<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
B\u1ea1c<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n–<\/span><\/td>\n–<\/span><\/td>\n-100<\/span><\/td>\n+\/- 10%<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0110en<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n0<\/span><\/td>\n0<\/span><\/td>\n0<\/span><\/td>\n+\/- 20%<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
N\u00e2u<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n1<\/span><\/td>\n1<\/span><\/td>\n1<\/span><\/td>\n–<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0110\u1ecf<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n2<\/span><\/td>\n2<\/span><\/td>\n2<\/span><\/td>\n–<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Cam<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n3<\/span><\/td>\n3<\/span><\/td>\n3<\/span><\/td>\n–<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
V\u00e0ng<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n4<\/span><\/td>\n4<\/span><\/td>\n4<\/span><\/td>\n–<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Xanh l\u00e1<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n5<\/span><\/td>\n5<\/span><\/td>\n–<\/span><\/td>\n–<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Xanh d\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n6<\/span><\/td>\n6<\/span><\/td>\n–<\/span><\/td>\n–<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
T\u00edm<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n7<\/span><\/td>\n7<\/span><\/td>\n–<\/span><\/td>\n–<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
X\u00e1m<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n8<\/span><\/td>\n8<\/span><\/td>\n–<\/span><\/td>\n–<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Tr\u1eafng<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n9<\/span><\/td>\n9<\/span><\/td>\n–<\/span><\/td>\n–<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

6.3 Cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m 5 v\u1ea1ch m\u00e0u<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m c\u00f3 t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m 5 v\u1ea1ch m\u00e0u, ta d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o b\u1ea3ng sau:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
V\u00f2ng<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n1<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n2<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n3<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n4<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n5<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nTh\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1<\/span><\/td>\nCh\u1eef s\u1ed1 th\u1ee9 1<\/span><\/td>\nCh\u1eef s\u1ed1 th\u1ee9 2<\/span><\/td>\nH\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n<\/span><\/td>\nDung sai<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
V\u00e0ng kim<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n–<\/span><\/td>\nD\u1ea5u th\u1eadp ph\u00e2n<\/span><\/td>\nD\u1ea5u th\u1eadp ph\u00e2n<\/span><\/td>\n–<\/span><\/td>\n+\/- 5%<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
B\u1ea1c<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nLu\u00f4n g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i v\u00f2ng b\u1ea1c<\/span><\/td>\n–<\/span><\/td>\n–<\/span><\/td>\n–<\/span><\/td>\n+\/- 10%<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0110en<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n–<\/span><\/td>\n0<\/span><\/td>\n0<\/span><\/td>\n0<\/span><\/td>\n+\/- 20%<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
N\u00e2u<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n–<\/span><\/td>\n1<\/span><\/td>\n1<\/span><\/td>\n1<\/span><\/td>\n+\/- 1%<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0110\u1ecf<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n–<\/span><\/td>\n2<\/span><\/td>\n2<\/span><\/td>\n2<\/span><\/td>\n+\/- 2%<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Cam<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n–<\/span><\/td>\n3<\/span><\/td>\n3<\/span><\/td>\n3<\/span><\/td>\n+\/- 3%<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
V\u00e0ng<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n–<\/span><\/td>\n4<\/span><\/td>\n4<\/span><\/td>\n4<\/span><\/td>\n+\/- 4%<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Xanh l\u00e1<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n–<\/span><\/td>\n5<\/span><\/td>\n5<\/span><\/td>\n5<\/span><\/td>\n–<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Xanh d\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n–<\/span><\/td>\n6<\/span><\/td>\n6<\/span><\/td>\n6<\/span><\/td>\n–<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
T\u00edm<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n–<\/span><\/td>\n7<\/span><\/td>\n7<\/span><\/td>\n7<\/span><\/td>\n–<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
X\u00e1m<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n–<\/span><\/td>\n8<\/span><\/td>\n8<\/span><\/td>\n8<\/span><\/td>\n–<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Tr\u1eafng<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n–<\/span><\/td>\n9<\/span><\/td>\n9<\/span><\/td>\n9<\/span><\/td>\n–<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

6.4 Cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m d\u00e1n<\/span><\/h3>\n

Cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m d\u00e1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u ch\u1ea5m than ghi tr\u00ean cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb (\u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m l\u00e0 Nano Henry). Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u01b0u \u00fd: Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ecdc gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb theo chi\u1ec1u kim \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 t\u1eeb tr\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng.<\/span><\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

– Hai d\u1ea5u ch\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean:<\/strong> Cho bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ch\u1eef s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ea3m.<\/span><\/p>\n

– D\u1ea5u ch\u1ea5m th\u1ee9 ba:<\/strong> Cho bi\u1ebft h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Cu\u1ed9n
Cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m d\u00e1n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p tr\u00ean cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea5u ch\u1ea5m \u0111\u01a1n th\u00ec c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n bi\u1ebft gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 dung sai c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m ph\u1ea3i xem trong b\u1ea3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (Datasheet).<\/span><\/p>\n

6.5 Cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m RF<\/span><\/h3>\n

T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m d\u00e1n, cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m RF \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecdc th\u00f4ng qua nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u ch\u1ea5m ghi tr\u00ean cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p 1: C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea5u ch\u1ea5m<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i xem gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m v\u00e0 dung sai th\u00f4ng qua b\u1ea3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (datasheet) c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p 2: C\u00f3 ba d\u1ea5u ch\u1ea5m (Hai d\u1ea5u ch\u1ea5m n\u1eb1m \u1edf m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 d\u1ea5u ch\u1ea5m c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i n\u1eb1m \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u b\u00ean kia)<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n

Hai d\u1ea5u ch\u1ea5m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecdc t\u1eeb tr\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb cho \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ea3m. C\u00f2n d\u1ea5u ch\u1ea5m \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u b\u00ean kia l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n.<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u01b0u \u00fd: M\u00e3 m\u00e0u c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m RF s\u1ebd tu\u00e2n theo b\u1ea3ng m\u00e3 m\u00e0u cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m 4 v\u1ea1ch m\u00e0u \u1edf tr\u00ean.<\/span><\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

7. H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111o cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

\u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, ta \u0111o 2 \u0111\u1ea7u cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m th\u00f4ng th\u00ec c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m t\u1ed1t. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, \u0111o 2 \u0111\u1ea7u cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m kh\u00f4ng th\u00f4ng th\u00ec c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 d\u00e2y b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ee9t.<\/span><\/p>\n